Έλεγχος της θεωρίας του P. Schilder για την εικόνα σώματος μέσω πλέγματος ρεπερτορίων
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Ημερομηνία
Συγγραφείς
Κήτα, Έλλη
Τίτλος Εφημερίδας
Περιοδικό ISSN
Τίτλος τόμου
Εκδότης
Πανεπιστήμιο Ιωαννίνων. Φιλοσοφική Σχολή. Τμήμα Φιλοσοφίας, Παιδαγωγικής και Ψυχολογίας
Περίληψη
Τύπος
Είδος δημοσίευσης σε συνέδριο
Είδος περιοδικού
Είδος εκπαιδευτικού υλικού
Όνομα συνεδρίου
Όνομα περιοδικού
Όνομα βιβλίου
Σειρά βιβλίου
Έκδοση βιβλίου
Συμπληρωματικός/δευτερεύων τίτλος
προοπτικές για συστημικές και χοροθεραπευτικές προσεγγίσεις
perspectives on systemic and on dance/ movement psychotherapeutic approaches
perspectives on systemic and on dance/ movement psychotherapeutic approaches
Περιγραφή
Η διατριβή επανεξετάζει την πρώτη ολιστική θεωρία για την εικόνα σώματος, που διατυπώθηκε από τον P. Schilder, το 1935. Εστιάζει στην άποψη του Schilder, ότι η εικόνα σώματος ενός ατόμου δεν αποτελείται αποκλειστικά από το δικό του σώμα: συμπεριλαμβάνει και τις εικόνες σώματος εκείνων με τους οποίους σχετίζεται. Για τον έλεγχο αυτής της πρότασης ορίστηκε ως ερευνητικό αντικείμενο η πυρηνική δομή της εικόνας του σώματος, που αποτελείται από τις εσωτερικευμένες εικόνες του Εαυτού (Ε), της Μητέρας (Μ), του Πατέρα (Π) και του Ιδανικού Εαυτού (ΙΔ.Ε). Στόχος της έρευνας είναι να διερευνήσει τις αλληλοσυσχετίσεις (διάταξη και απόσταση / ομοιότητες – διαφορές) μεταξύ των τεσσάρων εικόνων, σε συνάρτηση με τους εξής παράγοντες: το φύλο, τη συναισθηματική απόσταση του ατόμου από τους γονείς του (Ανεξάρτητη Ερώτηση- Γεώργας, 1997), το βαθμό της διαφοροποίησής τους ως προς αυτούς (Kλίμακα Ψυχολογικής Ωριμότητας -Αμαλία Ιωαννίδου – Johnson, 1998), την εικόνα του ατόμου για τον εαυτό και τις σχέσεις του (Κλίμακα Ανεξαρτησίας – Αλληλεξάρτησης – Singelis, 1994) και το επίπεδο αυτοεκτίμησης (Κλίμακα Αυτοεκτίμησης- Fleming, 1984). Για την αποτύπωση της πυρηνικής δομής κατασκευάστηκε ειδικό Πλέγμα Ρεπερτορίων. Η έρευνα απευθύνθηκε σε φοιτητές του Πανεπιστημίου Ιωαννίνων (Ν=317, Άνδρες=80, Γυναίκες=237). Η στατιστική επεξεργασία των δεδομένων ανέδειξε διαφορετικά πυρηνικά δομικά πρότυπα για τα δύο φύλα. Οι άνδρες αναγνωρίζουν ομοιότητες προς τον πατέρα και διαφορές ως προς τη μητέρα. Αντίθετα, οι γυναίκες αναγνωρίζουν ομοιότητες και με τους δύο γονείς, διαφοροποιούμενες μέσω της εικόνας σώματος του ιδανικού εαυτού. Ο έλεγχος των συσχετίσεων ανάμεσα στις τιμές της συναισθηματικής απόστασης και της απόστασης των εικόνων σώματος, έδειξε ότι η συναισθηματική εγγύτητα διευκολύνει την αναγνώριση των διαφορών ανάμεσα στο πραγματικό σώμα του εαυτού και του γονέα. Ταυτόχρονα, εντείνει την προσέγγιση -ταύτιση με το γονέα, στο επίπεδο του ιδανικού. Ικανός αριθμός στατιστικά σημαντικών συσχετίσεων ανιχνεύθηκε με ανάμεσα στις τιμές των αποστάσεων μεταξύ των εικόνων σώματος και πολλών παραμέτρων, που μετρήθηκαν με την κλίμακα Ανεξαρτησίας - Αλληλεξάρτησης. Η υψηλή αυτοεκτίμηση συσχετίστηκε με εγγύτητα ανάμεσα στις εικόνες σώματος του Εαυτού και του Ιδανικού Εαυτού. Ο παράγων της «Ιδανικής» εικόνας εμφανίζεται να παίζει σημαντικό ρόλο στη διαφοροποίηση από τους γονείς και την προσαρμογή της εικόνας σώματος στις ανάγκες της σχέσης του υποκειμένου μαζί τους. Οι διαφορές που εμφανίζουν τα πρότυπα των δύο φύλων ως προς τα χωρικά χαρακτηριστικά της Πυρηνικής Δομής (PCA), είναι ισόμορφες με αντίστοιχες διαφορές, που καταγράφονται από εξωτερικές έρευνες και αφορούν την αντίληψη του χώρου, το κινησιολογικό προφίλ και τη διαχείριση της προσωπικής περιοχής. Τα αποτελέσματα ενισχύουν την υποστηριζόμενη άποψη ότι η αξιοποίηση της συστημικής μεθοδολογίας, θα διευκολύνει την ενσωμάτωση και τη σύνθεση των ποικίλων δεδομένων για την εικόνα του σώματος, σε ένα ενιαίο πλαίσιο. Τέλος, αναδεικνύει τη σημασία του φύλου για την πληρέστερη κατανόηση φαινομένων, όπως η σωματική μεταβίβαση - αντιμεταβίβαση, καθώς και για το σχεδιασμό Χοροθεραπευτικών παρεμβάσεων, που θα λαμβάνουν υπ’ όψη το φύλο του θεραπευτή και του θεραπευόμενου.
This thesis is an attempt to revisit P. Schilder’s theory, from a systemic point of view. According Schilder, the body image of an individual contains the body image of the self and the introjected body images of the persons, with whom he relates. Distances between body images are regulated through emotional distances between the corresponding persons. To examine this proposition, we focused on the “nuclear structure” of the body image, which consists of 4 internal body-images: Self, Mother, Father and Ideal Self. Spatial and dynamic interconnections between the four elements are investigated in relation to the parameters of sex, emotional distance- degree of individuation of the person in relation to the parents, self – image in the context of interpersonal relations, and self- esteem. The research takes under consideration relational- body image aspects, like gaze and embrace qualities. The Relational - Body Rep Grid, was created especially for the needs of this research. Data were also collected by independent question investigating emotional distances, the “Relation to Mother- Father subscales” (A. Johnson), the “Independence- Interdependence Scale” (Singelis), the “Self- Esteem Scale” (Fleming) 317 students of the University of Ioannina participated (women=237, men=80). The results confirm the hypothesis that the spatial distances between the body images are related to the emotional distances between the persons. The statistical processing revealed multiple significant correlations for both sexes indicating that emotional proximity facilitates the discernment of differences between the Real- Body of the Self and the body of the Parent. At the same time, it enhances recognition of similarities and identification to the Parent, on the Ideal- Body level. PCA plots, on the other hand, revealed important sex differences as far as it concerns the spatial relations between the four body images forming the nuclear structure: Male pattern is characterized by larger distances, lower degree of density, parallel arrangement in - between all the elements that consist the Self, Father, Ideal Self body images, while the Mother body image elements are situated on the diametrical opposite position in the plot. Female pattern is characterized by narrower distances, higher degree of density and parallel This thesis is an attempt to revisit P. Schilder’s theory, from a systemic point of view. According Schilder, the body image of an individual contains the body image of the self and the introjected body images of the persons, with whom he relates. Distances between body images are regulated through emotional distances between the corresponding persons. To examine this proposition, we focused on the “nuclear structure” of the body image, which consists of 4 internal body-images: Self, Mother, Father and Ideal Self. Spatial and dynamic interconnections between the four elements are investigated in relation to the parameters of sex, emotional distance- degree of individuation of the person in relation to the parents, self – image in the context of interpersonal relations, and self- esteem. The research takes under consideration relational- body image aspects, like gaze and embrace qualities. The Relational - Body Rep Grid, was created especially for the needs of this research. Data were also collected by independent question investigating emotional distances, the “Relation to Mother- Father subscales” (A. Johnson), the “Independence- Interdependence Scale” (Singelis), the “Self- Esteem Scale” (Fleming) 317 students of the University of Ioannina participated (women=237, men=80). The results confirm the hypothesis that the spatial distances between the body images are related to the emotional distances between the persons. The statistical processing revealed multiple significant correlations for both sexes indicating that emotional proximity facilitates the discernment of differences between the Real- Body of the Self and the body of the Parent. At the same time, it enhances recognition of similarities and identification to the Parent, on the Ideal- Body level. PCA plots, on the other hand, revealed important sex differences as far as it concerns the spatial relations between the four body images forming the nuclear structure: Male pattern is characterized by larger distances, lower degree of density, parallel arrangement in - between all the elements that consist the Self, Father, Ideal Self body images, while the Mother body image elements are situated on the diametrical opposite position in the plot. Female pattern is characterized by narrower distances, higher degree of density and parallel arrangement of all the elements and body images. Α large number of significant correlations were observed between the Body Image Distance rates and the variables revealed by Factor Analysis of the Independence-Interdependence Scale ratings. High rates on Self-Esteem Scale were shown to be significantly correlated to proximity between Real-Body Image and Ideal-Body ImageThe results open a discussion on several topics of inquiry:•The use of the Relational-Body Image Grid reveals the role of the Ideal body image as a balancing factor in the dynamic process of the differentiation, in relation to the parents. This insight creates a common, mutually enriching ground that can be shared by Family Therapy and Dance Therapy with anorectics.•Using systemic concepts and methods, we obtained results that “fit” in with those of other researches that investigate the subject from a completely different point of view. We conclude that approaching Body Image as a construction and emerging result of the interaction between multiple introjected images, could be a fruitful research direction. •Sex differences in Body Image Inner Space organization should be taken in consideration in planning Dance/Movement therapeutic interventions and understanding phenomena like body transference and counter transference.
This thesis is an attempt to revisit P. Schilder’s theory, from a systemic point of view. According Schilder, the body image of an individual contains the body image of the self and the introjected body images of the persons, with whom he relates. Distances between body images are regulated through emotional distances between the corresponding persons. To examine this proposition, we focused on the “nuclear structure” of the body image, which consists of 4 internal body-images: Self, Mother, Father and Ideal Self. Spatial and dynamic interconnections between the four elements are investigated in relation to the parameters of sex, emotional distance- degree of individuation of the person in relation to the parents, self – image in the context of interpersonal relations, and self- esteem. The research takes under consideration relational- body image aspects, like gaze and embrace qualities. The Relational - Body Rep Grid, was created especially for the needs of this research. Data were also collected by independent question investigating emotional distances, the “Relation to Mother- Father subscales” (A. Johnson), the “Independence- Interdependence Scale” (Singelis), the “Self- Esteem Scale” (Fleming) 317 students of the University of Ioannina participated (women=237, men=80). The results confirm the hypothesis that the spatial distances between the body images are related to the emotional distances between the persons. The statistical processing revealed multiple significant correlations for both sexes indicating that emotional proximity facilitates the discernment of differences between the Real- Body of the Self and the body of the Parent. At the same time, it enhances recognition of similarities and identification to the Parent, on the Ideal- Body level. PCA plots, on the other hand, revealed important sex differences as far as it concerns the spatial relations between the four body images forming the nuclear structure: Male pattern is characterized by larger distances, lower degree of density, parallel arrangement in - between all the elements that consist the Self, Father, Ideal Self body images, while the Mother body image elements are situated on the diametrical opposite position in the plot. Female pattern is characterized by narrower distances, higher degree of density and parallel This thesis is an attempt to revisit P. Schilder’s theory, from a systemic point of view. According Schilder, the body image of an individual contains the body image of the self and the introjected body images of the persons, with whom he relates. Distances between body images are regulated through emotional distances between the corresponding persons. To examine this proposition, we focused on the “nuclear structure” of the body image, which consists of 4 internal body-images: Self, Mother, Father and Ideal Self. Spatial and dynamic interconnections between the four elements are investigated in relation to the parameters of sex, emotional distance- degree of individuation of the person in relation to the parents, self – image in the context of interpersonal relations, and self- esteem. The research takes under consideration relational- body image aspects, like gaze and embrace qualities. The Relational - Body Rep Grid, was created especially for the needs of this research. Data were also collected by independent question investigating emotional distances, the “Relation to Mother- Father subscales” (A. Johnson), the “Independence- Interdependence Scale” (Singelis), the “Self- Esteem Scale” (Fleming) 317 students of the University of Ioannina participated (women=237, men=80). The results confirm the hypothesis that the spatial distances between the body images are related to the emotional distances between the persons. The statistical processing revealed multiple significant correlations for both sexes indicating that emotional proximity facilitates the discernment of differences between the Real- Body of the Self and the body of the Parent. At the same time, it enhances recognition of similarities and identification to the Parent, on the Ideal- Body level. PCA plots, on the other hand, revealed important sex differences as far as it concerns the spatial relations between the four body images forming the nuclear structure: Male pattern is characterized by larger distances, lower degree of density, parallel arrangement in - between all the elements that consist the Self, Father, Ideal Self body images, while the Mother body image elements are situated on the diametrical opposite position in the plot. Female pattern is characterized by narrower distances, higher degree of density and parallel arrangement of all the elements and body images. Α large number of significant correlations were observed between the Body Image Distance rates and the variables revealed by Factor Analysis of the Independence-Interdependence Scale ratings. High rates on Self-Esteem Scale were shown to be significantly correlated to proximity between Real-Body Image and Ideal-Body ImageThe results open a discussion on several topics of inquiry:•The use of the Relational-Body Image Grid reveals the role of the Ideal body image as a balancing factor in the dynamic process of the differentiation, in relation to the parents. This insight creates a common, mutually enriching ground that can be shared by Family Therapy and Dance Therapy with anorectics.•Using systemic concepts and methods, we obtained results that “fit” in with those of other researches that investigate the subject from a completely different point of view. We conclude that approaching Body Image as a construction and emerging result of the interaction between multiple introjected images, could be a fruitful research direction. •Sex differences in Body Image Inner Space organization should be taken in consideration in planning Dance/Movement therapeutic interventions and understanding phenomena like body transference and counter transference.
Περιγραφή
Λέξεις-κλειδιά
Εικόνα σώματος, Έμβια συστήματα, Πλέγμα ρεπερτορίων, Πλέγμα πεπερτορίων σχεσιακού σώματος, Χοροθεραπεία, Διαφοροποίηση, Ανεξαρτησία - αλληλεξάρτηση
Θεματική κατηγορία
Εικόνα σώματος, Ψυχοφυσιολογία, Πνεύμα και σώμα
Παραπομπή
Σύνδεσμος
Γλώσσα
el
Εκδίδον τμήμα/τομέας
Πανεπιστήμιο Ιωαννίνων. Φιλοσοφική Σχολή. Τμήμα Φιλοσοφίας, Παιδαγωγικής και Ψυχολογίας
Όνομα επιβλέποντος
Παπαδιώτη, Βασιλική
Εξεταστική επιτροπή
Παπαδιώτη, Βασιλική
Καραγιαννοπούλου, Ευαγγελία
Μπαρμπούση, Βασιλική
Γιώτσα, Άρτεμις
Ζάραγκας, Χαράλαμπος
Σαβράμη, Αικατερίνη
Παπασταθόπουλος, Ευστάθιος
Καραγιαννοπούλου, Ευαγγελία
Μπαρμπούση, Βασιλική
Γιώτσα, Άρτεμις
Ζάραγκας, Χαράλαμπος
Σαβράμη, Αικατερίνη
Παπασταθόπουλος, Ευστάθιος
Γενική Περιγραφή / Σχόλια
Ίδρυμα και Σχολή/Τμήμα του υποβάλλοντος
Πανεπιστήμιο Ιωαννίνων. Φιλοσοφική Σχολή. Τμήμα Φιλοσοφίας, Παιδαγωγικής και Ψυχολογίας
Πίνακας περιεχομένων
Χορηγός
Βιβλιογραφική αναφορά
Βιβλιογραφία: σ. 355-381
Ονόματα συντελεστών
Αριθμός σελίδων
384 σ.
Λεπτομέρειες μαθήματος
Συλλογές
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item.page.review
item.page.supplemented
item.page.referenced
Άδεια Creative Commons
Άδεια χρήσης της εγγραφής: Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 United States