Οι βυζαντινές ρίζες της "Μεγάλης Ιδέας"
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Χρυσός, Ευάγγελος
Chrysos, Evangelos
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Πανεπιστήμιο Ιωαννίνων. Φιλοσοφική Σχολή. Τμήμα Ιστορίας Αρχαιολογίας
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peer-reviewed
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Δωδώνη: Τεύχος Πρώτο: επιστημονική επετηρίδα του Τμήματος Ιστορίας και Αρχαιολογίας της Φιλοσοφικής Σχολής του Πανεπιστημίου Ιωαννίνων; Τόμ.16 (1987)
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The byzantine roots of the "Megali Idea" (Τίτλος περίληψης)
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It has been pointed out that the so-called Megali Idea, the expectation of the Greeks during the Turkish rule, which in the 19th century was articulated as a political programme, that one day the tyrannical sway would be overthrown and the Christian empire restored again, was not born after the fall of Constantinople in 1453 but existed already in Byzantium. Thus, D. Zakythenos has called the Megali Idea a Byzantine idea. In this paper I argue that the roots of this idea go back as far as the fourth century A. D. In A. D. 363 emperor Jovian was obliged to cede to the Persians the city of Nisibis with a part of Mesopotamia. The ideological elaboration on this fact among the contemporary authors, Christians and pagans, and the disillusion it created shows that for the first time the Romans were confronted with the fact that a part of their territory might be lost to the enemies. The difficulty to accept the fait accompli gave birth to the hope that some day the Nisibians, who were forced to leave their city would be allowed to return home. Whenever the empire lost some territory in later times even through formal treaties the idea prevailed that the cession was provisional, the restoration of the empire, the regeneratio imperii, was only a matter of time. In the frame of this concept the war to reoccupy lost territories, the reconquista, was appreciated as the most noble duty of the Byzantine emperor. This is how emperors like Justinian, Heracleios, Nicephoros Phocas, John Tsimiskis and Basil II understood their «wars of restoration». The Comnenes expected that as a matter of course the crus- saders would offer them the lands they won from the Arabs. The restoration of the empire to its former frontiers was conceived as a return to the original state of affairs, which had temporarily been disturbed.
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Βυζαντινή Ιδέα, Βυζάντιο, Ρωμαϊκή ηγεμονία
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el
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σ. [193]-202
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Πανεπιστήμιο Ιωαννίνων. Βιβλιοθήκη και Κέντρο Πληροφόρησης
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