Οι Πρεσβύτεροι ("Παλαιοί") της Καρχηδόνας
| dc.contributor.author | Τζαμτζής, Ιωάννης Ε. | el |
| dc.contributor.author | Tzamtzis, Ioannis | en |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2025-01-21T10:50:03Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2025-01-21T10:50:03Z | |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://olympias.lib.uoi.gr/jspui/handle/123456789/38687 | |
| dc.rights | Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 United States | * |
| dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/us/ | * |
| dc.subject | Συνέλευση Καρχηδόνας | el |
| dc.subject | Πολίτευμα | el |
| dc.subject | Γερουσία | el |
| dc.subject | Βουλή | el |
| dc.subject | Φοίνικες | el |
| dc.subject | Ελληνικές πόλεις | el |
| dc.title | Οι Πρεσβύτεροι ("Παλαιοί") της Καρχηδόνας | el |
| heal.abstract | The ancient literature testifies to the existence of an assembly in Phoenician Carthage which is quite often paralleled with the gerousiai or the boulai of the Greek poleis, as well as with the Rom an senatus. It seems, however, that there were internal concentric circles of power: it should be admitted that the structure, where the full com position integrated a less populous body in perm anent governmental functions, already existed in the early stages of the 4th century BC. After all, this is one of the few elements of structural constitution of the body for which the indications are clear. Otherwise, in terms of rules, age limit or otherwise, and admission procedures, our knowledge is fleeting and ambiguous, if not completely lacking. As for the appelation of this college in the Phoenician language there is no certainty, since the root H'DRM found in Carthaginian inscriptions (“hadirim”, which means “great”/“m ighty”) it may have had alternatively m inor formality in relation to an institutionnal - official state title, unknown to us, ju st as in Rome, “patres” versus “senators” and “senatus”. It is still convenient to use the term “Elders” (“Olds” - O.T. hebr.: zik m ha- ‘yir), which ascribes to the Greek and Latin meanings. That being said, the only feasible picture of the composition of the Elders can be summed up in the vehement speculation that many of them were judges/souphetim - dikastai, iudices- belonging to the one hundred (έκατον/hekaton) since the latter body was entered, on the one hand, by those elected by the pentarchies and on the other hand some magistrates, if not all, ex officio. It is worth noting that the widespread address “rab” (pl.: rabbim) covered all the aforementioned as participants in the established bodies that constituted the upper social class in Carthage. As far as the responsibilities of the Elders are concerned, many literary testimonies show this body to be responsible for whether or not the state entered into war, but also for the capacity of negotiating and signing peace treaties or accepting an armistice; send embassies and receive those of foreigners; to take decisions on the raising of armies, the recruitment of mercenaries and/or even the recruitment of slaves in extremely exceptional circum stances; define economic and fiscal policy; to supervise the generals' expeditionary and com bat operations; be the recipient of the report submitted by the latter and initiate legal proceedings in the event of its inadequacy; finally, to take urgent initiatives for the security of the State and of its political system. The Elders have legislative power, which leads to a more efficient typology of their capabilities in terms of functional content. Competence, which is transformed into pow er provided that both the institutional pillar of the two highest souphetim of the city agrees not to bring before the popular assembly the measure to be put in effect. It also seems that the Elders exercised, as a body, judicial pow er in cases of high treason and damage directly threatening the existence of the State, since the literary testimonies suggest that there was also an extraordinary, rapid, procedure -probably based on the discovery of the crime- which allowed all the Elders to administer justice, perhaps on the recommendation of the one hundred but nevertheless in this capacity, when individuals of high status within the society were accused, in several cases, those individuals held the title of general. Finally, is it to be considered that the body of Rlders of Carthage had a position equivalent to that of the gerousiai - boulai and the Roman senatus? We are in front of a circumscriptionnal correspondance rather than a similarity in substance. | en |
| heal.access | free | |
| heal.bibliographicCitation | Βιβλιογραφία: σ. 37-39 | el |
| heal.bibliographicCitation | Περιλαμβάνει βιβλιογραφικές παραπομπές | el |
| heal.classification | Καρχηδόνα (Εξαφανισμένη πόλη)--Πολιτική και διακυβέρνηση | |
| heal.classification | Καρχηδόνα (Εξαφανισμένη πόλη)--Ιστορία | |
| heal.dateAvailable | 2025-01-21T10:51:03Z | |
| heal.fullTextAvailability | true | |
| heal.generalDescription | σσ. [19]-40 | el |
| heal.generalDescription | "Στον Λάμπρο Μπέλλο"--παρέχεται από τον συγγραφέα | el |
| heal.generalDescription | Κείμενο στα ελληνικά με περίληψη στα αγγλικά | el |
| heal.journalName | Δωδώνη: Τεύχος Πρώτο: επιστημονική επετηρίδα του Τμήματος Ιστορίας και Αρχαιολογίας της Φιλοσοφικής Σχολής του Πανεπιστημίου Ιωαννίνων; Τόμ. 49 (2022) | el |
| heal.journalType | peer-reviewed | |
| heal.language | el | |
| heal.publicationDate | 2022 | |
| heal.publisher | Πανεπιστήμιο Ιωαννίνων. Φιλοσοφική Σχολή. Τμήμα Ιστορίας και Αρχαιολογίας | el |
| heal.recordProvider | Πανεπιστήμιο Ιωαννίνων. Βιβλιοθήκη και Κέντρο Πληροφόρησης | el |
| heal.secondaryTitle | The Elders of Charthage (Τίτλος περίληψης) | en |
| heal.secondaryTitle | Ιστορία = History | el |
| heal.type | journalArticle | |
| heal.type.el | Άρθρο περιοδικού | el |
| heal.type.en | Journal article | en |
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