Toxicity and metabolism of p-chlorophenol in the marine microalga Tetraselmis marina
Φόρτωση...
Ημερομηνία
Συγγραφείς
Petroutsos, D.
Wang, J.
Katapodis, P.
Kekos, D.
Sommerfeld, M.
Hu, Q.
Τίτλος Εφημερίδας
Περιοδικό ISSN
Τίτλος τόμου
Εκδότης
Περίληψη
Τύπος
Είδος δημοσίευσης σε συνέδριο
Είδος περιοδικού
peer reviewed
Είδος εκπαιδευτικού υλικού
Όνομα συνεδρίου
Όνομα περιοδικού
Aquat Toxicol
Όνομα βιβλίου
Σειρά βιβλίου
Έκδοση βιβλίου
Συμπληρωματικός/δευτερεύων τίτλος
Περιγραφή
Toxicity and metabolism of para-chlorophenol (p-CP) in the marine microalga Tetraselmis marina have been studied. The inhibition constant EC(50) for p-CP was 272+/-17 microM (34.8+/-2.2 mg L(-1)) under the experimental conditions. Two metabolites were detected in the growth medium in the presence of p-CP by reverse phase HPLC and their concentrations increased at the expense of p-CP. The two metabolites, which were found to be more polar than p-CP, were isolated by a C18 column. They were identified as p-chlorophenyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside (p-CPG) and p-chlorophenyl-beta-D-(6-O-malonyl)-glucopyranoside (p-CPGM) by electrospray ionization-mass spectrometric analysis in a negative ion mode. The molecular structures of p-CPG and p-CPGM were further confirmed by enzymatic and alkaline hydrolyses. Treatment with beta-glucosidase released free p-CP and glucose from p-CPG, whereas p-CPGM was completely resistant. Alkaline hydrolysis completely cleaved the esteric bond of the malonylated glucoconjugate and yielded p-CPG and malonic acid. It was concluded that the pathway of p-CP metabolism in T. marina involves an initial conjugation of p-CP to glucose to form p-chlorophenyl-beta-d-glucopyranoside, followed by acylation of the glucoconjugate to form p-chlorophenyl-beta-D-(6-O-malonyl)-glucopyranoside. The metabolism of p-CP in T. marina was mainly driven by photosynthesis, and to a lesser extent by anabolic metabolism in the dark. Accordingly, the detoxification rate under light was about seven times higher than in the darkness. This work provides the first evidence that microalgae can adopt a combined glucosyl transfer and malonyl transfer process as a survival strategy for detoxification of such xenobiotics as p-CP.
Περιγραφή
Λέξεις-κλειδιά
Acylation, *Chlorophenols/metabolism/toxicity, Chlorophyta/*drug effects/metabolism/ultrastructure, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Glycosides/metabolism, Hydrolysis, Microscopy, Polarization, Seawater, Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization|
Θεματική κατηγορία
Παραπομπή
Σύνδεσμος
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17950940
http://ac.els-cdn.com/S0166445X07003438/1-s2.0-S0166445X07003438-main.pdf?_tid=f4ade830-c388-11e2-8479-00000aacb362&acdnat=1369300556_6b5c89eac0b3f2860ce95968792ffe38
http://ac.els-cdn.com/S0166445X07003438/1-s2.0-S0166445X07003438-main.pdf?_tid=f4ade830-c388-11e2-8479-00000aacb362&acdnat=1369300556_6b5c89eac0b3f2860ce95968792ffe38
Γλώσσα
en
Εκδίδον τμήμα/τομέας
Όνομα επιβλέποντος
Εξεταστική επιτροπή
Γενική Περιγραφή / Σχόλια
Ίδρυμα και Σχολή/Τμήμα του υποβάλλοντος
Πανεπιστήμιο Ιωαννίνων. Σχολή Επιστημών και Τεχνολογιών. Τμήμα Βιολογικών Εφαρμογών και Τεχνολογιών