Η δοξογραφία του De Natura Deorum του Κικέρωνα (N. D. 1, 25-41): ερμηνευτική προσέγγιση
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Ημερομηνία
Συγγραφείς
Παπαδημητρίου, Μαρία
Τίτλος Εφημερίδας
Περιοδικό ISSN
Τίτλος τόμου
Εκδότης
Πανεπιστήμιο Ιωαννίνων. Φιλοσοφική Σχολή. Τμήμα Φιλολογίας
Περίληψη
Τύπος
Είδος δημοσίευσης σε συνέδριο
Είδος περιοδικού
peer-reviewed
Είδος εκπαιδευτικού υλικού
Όνομα συνεδρίου
Όνομα περιοδικού
Δωδώνη: Φιλολογία: επιστημονική επετηρίδα του Τμήματος Φιλολογίας της Φιλοσοφικής Σχολής του Πανεπιστημίου Ιωαννίνων; Τόμ. 31 (2002)
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Σειρά βιβλίου
Έκδοση βιβλίου
Συμπληρωματικός/δευτερεύων τίτλος
Περιγραφή
Aim of the present article is to offer a contribution to the study
of the doxography in Cicero’ s De natura deorum as well as an effort to ascertain its Greek source. After a thorough analysis of the doxography’s content and a long discussion on various theories regarding Cicero’s sources has been carried out, our conclusions can be summarized as follows: As Cicero himself declares (N.D. 1, 7-10, De fin 1, 1-13, De div. 2, 1-7 etc.), he had conceived the idea of doing a great
service to his country by making the treasures of Greek thought accessible
to his fellow-citizens in their own language. Undoubtedly, he
used various Greek sources, as he wrote his treatises. Nevertheless
we think it is obvious that he did not attempt a word for word translation
from the Greek, but he rather adapted his models. We might say
that he selected and accepted from his Greek sources, those doctrines
that, in his view, were in harmony with the Roman tradition, no matter
what school they came from.
We pointed out that Cicero, as an Academic, ought never to put
forward views as his own, but only to indicate what was probable
(probabile vcritatis). Consequently, in his writings he gives the impression
of impartiality in exposing to his readers the doctrines of all the
schools of his time and allowing them the liberty of selection. Nevertheless
he seems to use the proper devices in order to guide his readers
towards those doctrines that, in his opinion, would be beneficial for
the Roman society and to prevent them from adopting the dangerous
ones. His aim was patriotic and at the same time educational. He
intended his works primarily for the youth in order to offer them those
precepts of Greek philosophy that could contribute to the revival
of the traditional Roman virtues (mos maiorum) in a period of ethical,
social and political decay.
The doxography of De natura deorum is an example of this
practice. It is generally admitted that Cicero had some Greek source.
On the basis of H. Diels’ (Doxogr. Gr.* 1929) claims, as well as on our
own observations, we supported the hypothesis that Cicero’s source for the doxography might have been Phaedrus’ Περί θεών. In addition we argued that the errors and misinterpretations occurring in the doctrines exposed in the doxography by the Epicurean speaker are due to Cicero himself. They are deliberate and aim at giving a bad impression of the Epicurean speaker and by implication of his school as wellrWe believe that it reflects Cicero’s opposition to the Epicureans whose principles were, in his opinion, perilous, not only because of their ethics, dogmatism and political inactivity, but mainly because of their theology.
Cicero (as it is obvious from N.D. 1, 3) acknowledged that either right or faulty theories concerning the existence, the nature and the acts of gods could have serious consequences upon men’s relations to one another and upon their loyalty to the State. In this respect, Epicurean gods* lack of concern for the human beings could be proved dangerous for the society and the State. At the same time however, such a conception of the divinity was profoundly alien to the traditional Roman religion.
Consequently we might say that, even in this case, Cicero believed that he serves the community, as well as that this was a part of his struggle, both as a politician and as an author, to prevent the disintegration of the Roman Republic.
Περιγραφή
Λέξεις-κλειδιά
Περί της φύσεως των Θεών, Κικέρων (Ρωμαίος Ρήτορας), Θησαυροί της ελληνικής φιλοσοφίας στα λατινικά, Λατινική Γραμματεία
Θεματική κατηγορία
Cicero, Marcus Tullius, Κικέρων, Μάρκος Τύλλιος , 106-43--Ερμηνεία και κριτική, Ρητορική, Αρχαία
Παραπομπή
Σύνδεσμος
Γλώσσα
el
Εκδίδον τμήμα/τομέας
Όνομα επιβλέποντος
Εξεταστική επιτροπή
Γενική Περιγραφή / Σχόλια
σ. [21]-67
Περίληψη στα αγγλικά
Περίληψη στα αγγλικά
Ίδρυμα και Σχολή/Τμήμα του υποβάλλοντος
Πανεπιστήμιο Ιωαννίνων. Βιβλιοθήκη και Κέντρο Πληροφόρησης
Πίνακας περιεχομένων
Χορηγός
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